1 00:00:09,080 --> 00:00:05,920 [Music] 2 00:00:11,830 --> 00:00:09,090 welcome to the skeptic zone the podcast 3 00:00:13,910 --> 00:00:11,840 from Australia for science and reason 4 00:00:23,590 --> 00:00:13,920 [Music] 5 00:00:30,070 --> 00:00:26,240 hello and welcome to the skeptic zone 6 00:00:33,530 --> 00:00:30,080 episode number 481 for the 7th of 7 00:00:35,330 --> 00:00:33,540 January 2018 Richardson is here with you 8 00:00:37,340 --> 00:00:35,340 from Sydney Australia and that noise you 9 00:00:38,840 --> 00:00:37,350 can hear in the background possibly is 10 00:00:40,190 --> 00:00:38,850 an air conditioner which I normally 11 00:00:42,889 --> 00:00:40,200 wouldn't run of course when I'm 12 00:00:45,049 --> 00:00:42,899 recording but today is just ridiculous 13 00:00:47,750 --> 00:00:45,059 now I flew back into Sydney only a 14 00:00:50,650 --> 00:00:47,760 matter of hours ago from lovely cool 15 00:00:53,650 --> 00:00:50,660 California to silly 16 00:00:56,840 --> 00:00:53,660 outrageous heat wave Sydney Australia 17 00:01:01,069 --> 00:00:56,850 some parts in Sydney are predicted to be 18 00:01:04,750 --> 00:01:01,079 45 degrees today or even warmer it's 19 00:01:08,359 --> 00:01:04,760 quite a shock that plus jet lag what fun 20 00:01:10,880 --> 00:01:08,369 so today another another of the shorter 21 00:01:13,480 --> 00:01:10,890 episodes of the skeptic zone due to lots 22 00:01:16,100 --> 00:01:13,490 of international travel and jet lag and 23 00:01:18,230 --> 00:01:16,110 travel and jet lag and all sorts of 24 00:01:21,890 --> 00:01:18,240 things going on but an interesting one a 25 00:01:23,210 --> 00:01:21,900 couple of days ago in California I had 26 00:01:25,820 --> 00:01:23,220 the pleasure of joining Eugenie Scott 27 00:01:30,499 --> 00:01:25,830 dr. eugenie Scott and we drove to the 28 00:01:32,810 --> 00:01:30,509 big trees the big trees links in the 29 00:01:36,499 --> 00:01:32,820 show notes and we wander around and we 30 00:01:41,090 --> 00:01:36,509 chat about the biology and mmm the big 31 00:01:43,730 --> 00:01:41,100 trees big trees it's it was a marvelous 32 00:01:45,289 --> 00:01:43,740 experience you may well be familiar with 33 00:01:48,889 --> 00:01:45,299 the famous photograph of people driving 34 00:01:50,749 --> 00:01:48,899 a car Model T Ford through a tree well 35 00:01:54,499 --> 00:01:50,759 this was in that area unfortunately that 36 00:01:58,490 --> 00:01:54,509 tree fell down last year so we didn't 37 00:02:02,709 --> 00:01:58,500 get to see that join us as we wander 38 00:02:07,280 --> 00:02:02,719 around the big trees in California and 39 00:02:08,930 --> 00:02:07,290 just admire their amazing beauty also 40 00:02:11,479 --> 00:02:08,940 coming up on today's show more from 41 00:02:13,460 --> 00:02:11,489 Maynard from a couple of months ago from 42 00:02:15,410 --> 00:02:13,470 the skeptics convention 43 00:02:17,780 --> 00:02:15,420 may nod catches up with Katherine Hughes 44 00:02:20,570 --> 00:02:17,790 who was one of the speakers at the at 45 00:02:23,030 --> 00:02:20,580 the convention who lost her son Riley to 46 00:02:24,950 --> 00:02:23,040 hooping coffin as since with her husband 47 00:02:27,530 --> 00:02:24,960 started the light for Riley Foundation 48 00:02:30,050 --> 00:02:27,540 and also more from the diet skeptic 49 00:02:33,050 --> 00:02:30,060 Mandy lee Noble and she discusses more 50 00:02:34,850 --> 00:02:33,060 with may not about weight loss and is it 51 00:02:40,210 --> 00:02:34,860 good or is it bad or is it mrs. theory 52 00:02:43,040 --> 00:02:40,220 or find out find out should you die it 53 00:02:46,130 --> 00:02:43,050 but for now it's time for me to run 54 00:02:48,320 --> 00:02:46,140 downstairs have an extra large cup of 55 00:02:50,030 --> 00:02:48,330 coffee didn't get too much sleep on the 56 00:02:52,670 --> 00:02:50,040 plane last night it's a long trip from 57 00:02:56,090 --> 00:02:52,680 where we flew from San Francisco changed 58 00:02:59,750 --> 00:02:56,100 at LA and then to Sydney and yeah that's 59 00:03:02,720 --> 00:02:59,760 quite a quite a hike so rundown says get 60 00:03:05,350 --> 00:03:02,730 a large cup of coffee well I do that by 61 00:03:36,990 --> 00:03:05,360 hope you enjoy the skeptic zone 62 00:03:41,980 --> 00:03:37,000 [Music] 63 00:03:45,760 --> 00:03:41,990 we're in a part of California called big 64 00:03:46,600 --> 00:03:45,770 trees event with dr. eugenie scott hello 65 00:03:48,550 --> 00:03:46,610 Jeanie 66 00:03:50,710 --> 00:03:48,560 howdy there how are you I'm fine you're 67 00:03:52,450 --> 00:03:50,720 our guide for today we're in big and 68 00:03:54,580 --> 00:03:52,460 we're almost in a big tree now we're in 69 00:03:55,630 --> 00:03:54,590 the big tree Museum or visitor's center 70 00:03:58,330 --> 00:03:55,640 here 71 00:04:01,660 --> 00:03:58,340 when looking at photographs of very big 72 00:04:03,910 --> 00:04:01,670 trees and the promise is we're going to 73 00:04:05,710 --> 00:04:03,920 see some big trees is that right we are 74 00:04:11,140 --> 00:04:05,720 going to see big trees and we're going 75 00:04:16,780 --> 00:04:11,150 to see a nice slice of the Sierra Nevada 76 00:04:18,340 --> 00:04:16,790 that isn't isn't what people usually 77 00:04:22,060 --> 00:04:18,350 think of when they think of this year an 78 00:04:24,160 --> 00:04:22,070 event of it there's as you know I'm sure 79 00:04:25,690 --> 00:04:24,170 there's two kinds of redwoods there's 80 00:04:28,450 --> 00:04:25,700 the coast redwoods which are the really 81 00:04:30,010 --> 00:04:28,460 really tall ones which you see at Muir 82 00:04:32,140 --> 00:04:30,020 Woods State Park and some of the other 83 00:04:34,360 --> 00:04:32,150 places on the coast and then as you go 84 00:04:36,310 --> 00:04:34,370 further inland you get another it's 85 00:04:41,770 --> 00:04:36,320 actually another species of the same 86 00:04:43,420 --> 00:04:41,780 genus Sequoia and these are the you come 87 00:04:45,370 --> 00:04:43,430 the Giant Sequoias these are the ones 88 00:04:47,710 --> 00:04:45,380 that have the huge girth the huge 89 00:04:50,020 --> 00:04:47,720 diameters they're not as tall as the 90 00:04:52,870 --> 00:04:50,030 coast redwoods but they make up with it 91 00:04:55,390 --> 00:04:52,880 they make up for it in in circumference 92 00:04:59,800 --> 00:04:55,400 the the images here in the little Museum 93 00:05:01,930 --> 00:04:59,810 are quite astonishing we see pictures 94 00:05:08,020 --> 00:05:01,940 taken 100 years ago or so the 1850s in 95 00:05:09,760 --> 00:05:08,030 fact later with people holding hands to 96 00:05:11,170 --> 00:05:09,770 go right around a tree and there some 97 00:05:13,420 --> 00:05:11,180 kids over there and this is the famous 98 00:05:15,880 --> 00:05:13,430 photograph we see here the Model T for 99 00:05:18,610 --> 00:05:15,890 driving through a tree which isn't there 100 00:05:21,030 --> 00:05:18,620 apparently anymore yes we will be taking 101 00:05:24,100 --> 00:05:21,040 that hike a little bit later on that's a 102 00:05:26,830 --> 00:05:24,110 very famous photograph and a very famous 103 00:05:28,860 --> 00:05:26,840 tree which unfortunately a couple of 104 00:05:32,480 --> 00:05:28,870 years ago blew down in a big windstorm 105 00:05:38,360 --> 00:05:32,490 so that beautiful tree which 106 00:05:41,300 --> 00:05:38,370 is probably well the the hole that they 107 00:05:44,120 --> 00:05:41,310 that the early entrepreneurs who opened 108 00:05:45,830 --> 00:05:44,130 up this area to tourist trade the hole 109 00:05:48,740 --> 00:05:45,840 that they dug through the center of this 110 00:05:51,469 --> 00:05:48,750 tree is probably a good 9 or 10 feet 111 00:05:54,050 --> 00:05:51,479 tall and it's big enough to drive a 112 00:05:57,230 --> 00:05:54,060 Model T through as it shows in the 113 00:05:59,870 --> 00:05:57,240 photograph but as we will see that very 114 00:06:04,249 --> 00:05:59,880 beautiful old tree is now lying on its 115 00:06:06,649 --> 00:06:04,259 side it is a sad thing that said oh we 116 00:06:08,689 --> 00:06:06,659 can't wait will step out soon after 117 00:06:16,309 --> 00:06:08,699 we've taken in what the museum has to 118 00:06:18,379 --> 00:06:16,319 offer into the big woods so and now we 119 00:06:20,899 --> 00:06:18,389 walked outside and we're just about to 120 00:06:24,020 --> 00:06:20,909 step up onto this extraordinary site 121 00:06:25,939 --> 00:06:24,030 it's the biggest stump surely it's a 122 00:06:30,020 --> 00:06:25,949 recent walk up a flight of steps here to 123 00:06:35,659 --> 00:06:30,030 get onto the stump step step step step 124 00:06:37,480 --> 00:06:35,669 step and it's it's huge I'm walking 125 00:06:39,909 --> 00:06:37,490 around the circumference of a stump 126 00:06:43,279 --> 00:06:39,919 really about a quarter of the way now 127 00:06:47,300 --> 00:06:43,289 right round to the other side halfway 128 00:06:49,790 --> 00:06:47,310 gives you some idea of the scale this is 129 00:06:52,370 --> 00:06:49,800 the most extraordinary yeah this is a 130 00:06:56,270 --> 00:06:52,380 big tree I mean we keep saying big trees 131 00:06:58,850 --> 00:06:56,280 but it's actually gotten worn down in 132 00:07:00,649 --> 00:06:58,860 the decades since it was originally cut 133 00:07:02,779 --> 00:07:00,659 we'll go and take a look at the signage 134 00:07:04,730 --> 00:07:02,789 and remind ourselves exactly how big it 135 00:07:06,800 --> 00:07:04,740 was when it was cut down but this was 136 00:07:09,219 --> 00:07:06,810 part of the tourist attraction sitting 137 00:07:12,290 --> 00:07:09,229 opposite us is the rest of the trunk 138 00:07:17,480 --> 00:07:12,300 that you know keeled over hill though 139 00:07:19,129 --> 00:07:17,490 the you notice these horizontal what 140 00:07:20,779 --> 00:07:19,139 would you drillings almost a gift so 141 00:07:22,330 --> 00:07:20,789 that was how they've managed to fill the 142 00:07:25,670 --> 00:07:22,340 tree they would actually take these 143 00:07:27,379 --> 00:07:25,680 mining drills and they just drilled the 144 00:07:29,360 --> 00:07:27,389 circumference of the tree until it 145 00:07:31,219 --> 00:07:29,370 finally was a what they were finally 146 00:07:34,459 --> 00:07:31,229 able to do you could fit scores of 147 00:07:35,990 --> 00:07:34,469 people on this yeah this was as I say it 148 00:07:37,040 --> 00:07:36,000 was a tourist attraction and people 149 00:07:41,000 --> 00:07:37,050 would come out here and they would hold 150 00:07:44,149 --> 00:07:41,010 dances and the surface of this you could 151 00:07:45,250 --> 00:07:44,159 lovely zoo and there's some pictures of 152 00:07:58,860 --> 00:07:45,260 the 153 00:08:00,690 --> 00:07:58,870 it's inconceivable to us today with our 154 00:08:02,860 --> 00:08:00,700 sensibilities that we have about 155 00:08:05,530 --> 00:08:02,870 preservation of the end I guess so I 156 00:08:07,450 --> 00:08:05,540 guess so but this was filled well a very 157 00:08:11,110 --> 00:08:07,460 long time ago by the looks of it I guess 158 00:08:13,210 --> 00:08:11,120 but yeah again I'm just what I'm walking 159 00:08:17,920 --> 00:08:13,220 right over to the other side you're 160 00:08:22,900 --> 00:08:17,930 going into the distance now and I'm at 161 00:08:25,000 --> 00:08:22,910 one side you're at the other and this is 162 00:08:27,780 --> 00:08:25,010 a street stump this is this is quite 163 00:08:34,000 --> 00:08:30,520 this was the tree that was first sighted 164 00:08:36,370 --> 00:08:34,010 by the old hunter trapper who stumbled 165 00:08:39,250 --> 00:08:36,380 upon this Grove back in the early 1850s 166 00:08:43,240 --> 00:08:39,260 and so it's called the discovery tree 167 00:08:45,730 --> 00:08:43,250 and he went back to tell the people back 168 00:08:52,020 --> 00:08:45,740 home as it were that there was this tree 169 00:08:56,310 --> 00:08:54,970 size and never but yeah sure you know 170 00:08:58,960 --> 00:08:56,320 you've been drinking too much 171 00:09:00,280 --> 00:08:58,970 they just pooh-poohed it but he managed 172 00:09:01,750 --> 00:09:00,290 to persuade a couple of other people 173 00:09:03,910 --> 00:09:01,760 that come back and take a look at it and 174 00:09:06,580 --> 00:09:03,920 yeah wow this is really great so the 175 00:09:09,240 --> 00:09:06,590 very next year after this tree was first 176 00:09:11,440 --> 00:09:09,250 discovered by white people anyway 177 00:09:18,700 --> 00:09:11,450 speculators came back and stripped the 178 00:09:22,450 --> 00:09:18,710 bark off and cut it in it and the is you 179 00:09:24,160 --> 00:09:22,460 look across at the the portion of the 180 00:09:25,450 --> 00:09:24,170 tree that used to be on top of the stump 181 00:09:29,350 --> 00:09:25,460 yeah the huge stump that we're looking 182 00:09:31,150 --> 00:09:29,360 at you can see these horizontal lines 183 00:09:34,030 --> 00:09:31,160 running through it well that was 184 00:09:36,520 --> 00:09:34,040 produced by the mining augers that were 185 00:09:39,580 --> 00:09:36,530 used to fill the tree and according to 186 00:09:43,090 --> 00:09:39,590 the good information provided by big 187 00:09:45,310 --> 00:09:43,100 trees Calaveras State Park it took five 188 00:09:49,240 --> 00:09:45,320 men twenty-two days to drill all these 189 00:09:53,800 --> 00:09:49,250 holes but the tree did not fall for 190 00:09:55,990 --> 00:09:53,810 several days so then the stump was 191 00:09:58,420 --> 00:09:56,000 planed smooth to serve as a dance floor 192 00:09:59,079 --> 00:09:58,430 in a two-lane bowling alley and bar were 193 00:10:04,480 --> 00:09:59,089 built on the 194 00:10:07,090 --> 00:10:04,490 and drunk and indeed of course you know 195 00:10:09,489 --> 00:10:07,100 it became a tourist attraction well it's 196 00:10:13,299 --> 00:10:09,499 it's it's it's quite impressive but as I 197 00:10:15,699 --> 00:10:13,309 look around there are many many big 198 00:10:16,869 --> 00:10:15,709 trees but there are some huge trees I 199 00:10:20,199 --> 00:10:16,879 mean the one over there in the distance 200 00:10:20,590 --> 00:10:20,209 that's a oh mighty tree we'll check them 201 00:10:28,059 --> 00:10:20,600 all out 202 00:10:29,319 --> 00:10:28,069 we just I just pointed out to you in the 203 00:10:31,749 --> 00:10:29,329 distance tent that's called the-- 204 00:10:34,780 --> 00:10:31,759 that's one of two trees called the 205 00:10:36,610 --> 00:10:34,790 sentinals which were the original road 206 00:10:39,030 --> 00:10:36,620 that was the tourist route that was 207 00:10:42,340 --> 00:10:39,040 built in here to open up this country a 208 00:10:44,290 --> 00:10:42,350 territory in the late 1800s used to have 209 00:10:45,670 --> 00:10:44,300 212 trees like that 210 00:10:50,110 --> 00:10:45,680 they were called the sentinels they were 211 00:10:53,319 --> 00:10:50,120 sort of the mark of this trail but we 212 00:10:55,720 --> 00:10:53,329 are we are continuing we are walking 213 00:10:58,360 --> 00:10:55,730 along this trail now fragilaria it says 214 00:11:03,400 --> 00:10:58,370 stay on trail and we're right in front 215 00:11:05,110 --> 00:11:03,410 of a it's hard to it's hard to really 216 00:11:06,549 --> 00:11:05,120 relay I mean we're looking at the base 217 00:11:08,379 --> 00:11:06,559 of the tree now and you think oh that's 218 00:11:10,480 --> 00:11:08,389 impressive look at that the and then you 219 00:11:13,030 --> 00:11:10,490 tilt your head up and you tilt your head 220 00:11:18,400 --> 00:11:13,040 up and you tilt your head up and way up 221 00:11:21,460 --> 00:11:18,410 into the sky I walk around here looking 222 00:11:26,590 --> 00:11:21,470 straight up through the the branches and 223 00:11:28,419 --> 00:11:26,600 it's just it's just gulp smacking the 224 00:11:30,040 --> 00:11:28,429 scale of it the way you have to tilt 225 00:11:32,889 --> 00:11:30,050 your head up to see right to the top of 226 00:11:35,829 --> 00:11:32,899 these trees and it's almost like you get 227 00:11:38,259 --> 00:11:35,839 a bit of vertical Genie looking up for 228 00:11:42,150 --> 00:11:38,269 this tree work look at that no we're 229 00:11:47,410 --> 00:11:42,160 both craning your head it's easy too 230 00:11:50,019 --> 00:11:47,420 it's easy to kind of feel your jaw drop 231 00:11:52,299 --> 00:11:50,029 I don't know and I sort of lose a sense 232 00:11:54,699 --> 00:11:52,309 of the height of it rusev so tall yeah 233 00:11:57,579 --> 00:11:54,709 fascinating of course of course the 234 00:11:59,739 --> 00:11:57,589 coast sequoias are taller but you know 235 00:12:01,869 --> 00:11:59,749 there's some there's a massive ities of 236 00:12:05,799 --> 00:12:01,879 these trees that give them no pun 237 00:12:07,809 --> 00:12:05,809 intended and add a little extra heft but 238 00:12:09,759 --> 00:12:07,819 it's it's such a pleasant day here it's 239 00:12:11,090 --> 00:12:09,769 January it's not too cold though there's 240 00:12:15,260 --> 00:12:11,100 no snow 241 00:12:17,230 --> 00:12:15,270 the woods are just still and quiet apart 242 00:12:21,830 --> 00:12:17,240 from the odd tourists running around 243 00:12:24,320 --> 00:12:21,840 yeah you can if you sit down on a bench 244 00:12:26,420 --> 00:12:24,330 or a stump or someplace and just listen 245 00:12:29,630 --> 00:12:26,430 you can hear lots of birds you can hear 246 00:12:32,360 --> 00:12:29,640 animals wrestling in the in the ground 247 00:12:34,550 --> 00:12:32,370 it's it's it's a very definitely natural 248 00:12:36,650 --> 00:12:34,560 area you know I mean you know there's no 249 00:12:38,420 --> 00:12:36,660 car zones or anything like that so we've 250 00:12:41,240 --> 00:12:38,430 come to a decision 251 00:12:46,040 --> 00:12:41,250 grove overlook or North Grove trail come 252 00:12:47,990 --> 00:12:46,050 to a fork in the road take it diameter 253 00:12:49,550 --> 00:12:48,000 that's a big branch this branch we're 254 00:12:57,560 --> 00:12:49,560 looking at now that's about what four 255 00:13:04,400 --> 00:12:57,570 feet because just near it it's really 256 00:13:06,590 --> 00:13:04,410 big Trudy this is a well named place and 257 00:13:11,210 --> 00:13:06,600 okay let's let's walk around a little 258 00:13:14,050 --> 00:13:11,220 bit on this wooden boardwalk and oh my 259 00:13:16,520 --> 00:13:14,060 goodness I thought that last tree was 260 00:13:19,790 --> 00:13:16,530 was something miss crane our heads up 261 00:13:21,860 --> 00:13:19,800 this one oh it's so thick all the way up 262 00:13:24,830 --> 00:13:21,870 yeah this one's much much bigger in 263 00:13:26,570 --> 00:13:24,840 diameter but you can't really see the 264 00:13:28,010 --> 00:13:26,580 top very well noise we're sitting too 265 00:13:30,770 --> 00:13:28,020 close to it we have to get far away to 266 00:13:32,240 --> 00:13:30,780 see the tops now there's you know if you 267 00:13:33,980 --> 00:13:32,250 look off in the distance a little bit 268 00:13:35,510 --> 00:13:33,990 you can see another pretty good-sized 269 00:13:37,070 --> 00:13:35,520 River it's not as big as the one we're 270 00:13:40,130 --> 00:13:37,080 standing next to but at least you can 271 00:13:42,610 --> 00:13:40,140 see at the top of the tree and that's 272 00:13:49,480 --> 00:13:42,620 probably about a six story building 273 00:13:52,640 --> 00:13:49,490 easily no more I think Oh more yeah Wow 274 00:13:58,660 --> 00:13:52,650 I told you I was lousy at spatial yeah 275 00:14:06,770 --> 00:14:03,530 it's just dramatic so as we walk along 276 00:14:10,490 --> 00:14:06,780 and we considering the age of these 277 00:14:13,070 --> 00:14:10,500 trees now your background of course is 278 00:14:15,520 --> 00:14:13,080 they're older than I am are they are 279 00:14:20,030 --> 00:14:15,530 they that's good to know 280 00:14:23,410 --> 00:14:20,040 of course with the evolutionary it's 281 00:14:25,240 --> 00:14:23,420 it's more with the the fauna I suppose 282 00:14:27,880 --> 00:14:25,250 but certainly the 283 00:14:33,220 --> 00:14:27,890 the evolution of the trees tells the 284 00:14:37,870 --> 00:14:33,230 story I would think yeah but I'm crappy 285 00:14:39,390 --> 00:14:37,880 as a biologist I really am not the best 286 00:14:41,620 --> 00:14:39,400 person to ask I mean the thing 287 00:14:43,870 --> 00:14:41,630 evolutionarily the reason why we pay 288 00:14:45,220 --> 00:14:43,880 attention to trees oh this is the 289 00:14:50,310 --> 00:14:45,230 botanists are gonna kill me on this and 290 00:14:53,970 --> 00:14:50,320 earth is because of the coevolution of 291 00:14:57,970 --> 00:14:53,980 the angiosperms the trees like these 292 00:15:00,370 --> 00:14:57,980 that produce seeds because they also 293 00:15:03,940 --> 00:15:00,380 produce pollen some of the angiosperms 294 00:15:06,850 --> 00:15:03,950 produce nectar and that was very 295 00:15:10,360 --> 00:15:06,860 critical in the evolution of insects and 296 00:15:14,350 --> 00:15:10,370 other kinds of arthropods that act as 297 00:15:18,310 --> 00:15:14,360 pollinators and spreaders of seeds in 298 00:15:19,900 --> 00:15:18,320 various ways so but yeah what I find 299 00:15:21,850 --> 00:15:19,910 interesting is we're just looking at 300 00:15:23,800 --> 00:15:21,860 this before and this tree in front of us 301 00:15:27,220 --> 00:15:23,810 now which is again another giant tree 302 00:15:30,370 --> 00:15:27,230 you're mentioning the way the the buck 303 00:15:35,410 --> 00:15:30,380 it's not actually the bark it's the tree 304 00:15:38,020 --> 00:15:35,420 itself it's it's yes there there's a 305 00:15:41,080 --> 00:15:38,030 twist to the growth of the tree itself 306 00:15:43,480 --> 00:15:41,090 which acts as to increase the stability 307 00:15:45,490 --> 00:15:43,490 of the tree against wind and you know 308 00:15:47,710 --> 00:15:45,500 other erosional factors and stuff which 309 00:15:49,570 --> 00:15:47,720 is another product which is doesn't 310 00:15:51,940 --> 00:15:49,580 always show up in the bark actually but 311 00:15:53,530 --> 00:15:51,950 this one not so much you can tell if you 312 00:15:58,230 --> 00:15:53,540 look down the house tree now you can 313 00:16:01,000 --> 00:15:58,240 tell how it's twisting slightly and then 314 00:16:03,010 --> 00:16:01,010 anti-clockwise direction I suppose it 315 00:16:04,680 --> 00:16:03,020 depends you're looking from the top or 316 00:16:07,120 --> 00:16:04,690 the bottom to the right to the right 317 00:16:08,380 --> 00:16:07,130 also notice why you were looking at that 318 00:16:12,510 --> 00:16:08,390 tree that there's a look there's a whole 319 00:16:16,630 --> 00:16:12,520 series of holes if those are drilled by 320 00:16:18,550 --> 00:16:16,640 woodpeckers and other birds that you 321 00:16:22,270 --> 00:16:18,560 know flickers and creatures there that 322 00:16:25,300 --> 00:16:22,280 that drill holes and trees the larger 323 00:16:29,980 --> 00:16:25,310 ones are very likely used for nesting 324 00:16:31,930 --> 00:16:29,990 okay but yeah there there's a it's it's 325 00:16:33,610 --> 00:16:31,940 interesting really we're back of it 326 00:16:35,650 --> 00:16:33,620 we're looking at this particularly big 327 00:16:38,050 --> 00:16:35,660 tree how much of the tree is just 328 00:16:38,980 --> 00:16:38,060 nothing just just a big trunk and then 329 00:16:41,130 --> 00:16:38,990 suddenly neat 330 00:16:43,480 --> 00:16:41,140 towards the top the last third the last 331 00:16:45,790 --> 00:16:43,490 something like that you get these weird 332 00:16:48,040 --> 00:16:45,800 huge branches coming out mm-hmm 333 00:16:49,960 --> 00:16:48,050 that's quite interesting you're gonna 334 00:16:54,010 --> 00:16:49,970 come here for yeah you got to come here 335 00:16:56,670 --> 00:16:54,020 part of that is is the you know the the 336 00:17:00,490 --> 00:16:56,680 natural selection for countries to 337 00:17:02,019 --> 00:17:00,500 maximize photosynthesis right they're 338 00:17:03,940 --> 00:17:02,029 competing with other transformation with 339 00:17:06,309 --> 00:17:03,950 other trees and the lower branches 340 00:17:08,530 --> 00:17:06,319 eventually you can see in younger trees 341 00:17:10,929 --> 00:17:08,540 the lower branches eventually just kind 342 00:17:14,439 --> 00:17:10,939 of you know so the tree concentrates all 343 00:17:16,000 --> 00:17:14,449 its its photosynthesis gathering on the 344 00:17:21,730 --> 00:17:16,010 top where the sun's going to be yeah 345 00:17:23,740 --> 00:17:21,740 yeah it's fascinating it's not really a 346 00:17:25,449 --> 00:17:23,750 joke but it's sort of it hits humans the 347 00:17:29,380 --> 00:17:25,459 way we turn a corner we say oh look 348 00:17:32,560 --> 00:17:29,390 another big tree number living in your 349 00:17:36,100 --> 00:17:32,570 gut wow there's a big tree these two 350 00:17:37,540 --> 00:17:36,110 trees were named the mother and son but 351 00:17:38,830 --> 00:17:37,550 they probably began life at about the 352 00:17:44,290 --> 00:17:38,840 same side the mother's been more 353 00:17:46,720 --> 00:17:44,300 successful there you go where's the Sun 354 00:17:49,270 --> 00:17:46,730 do you see the Sun no might be around 355 00:17:52,780 --> 00:17:49,280 the other side oh there it is if we walk 356 00:17:54,310 --> 00:17:52,790 around yes because it's this tree so big 357 00:17:57,160 --> 00:17:54,320 it's hiding another big tree around the 358 00:17:59,980 --> 00:17:57,170 other side oh wait a minute no it's it's 359 00:18:02,650 --> 00:17:59,990 directly behind it directly 360 00:18:05,890 --> 00:18:02,660 I'm getting my big trees confused here 361 00:18:08,860 --> 00:18:05,900 folks in fact oh yeah there's two right 362 00:18:10,919 --> 00:18:08,870 now and there's a special bench here you 363 00:18:12,640 --> 00:18:10,929 just sit down the special bench because 364 00:18:15,310 --> 00:18:12,650 the backrest 365 00:18:17,980 --> 00:18:15,320 is at about a 45 degree angle so I can 366 00:18:20,700 --> 00:18:17,990 rest my head back and look directly up 367 00:18:28,680 --> 00:18:20,710 into the sky at these two incredible 368 00:18:33,430 --> 00:18:28,690 trees I'm now standing in a little area 369 00:18:36,820 --> 00:18:33,440 between two trees it's like a cave it's 370 00:18:41,750 --> 00:18:36,830 quite extraordinary there's a walkway in 371 00:18:51,780 --> 00:18:48,810 I'm standing in a tree it is amazing now 372 00:18:52,320 --> 00:18:51,790 just come across a tree here it fell 373 00:18:56,010 --> 00:18:52,330 over 374 00:18:59,010 --> 00:18:56,020 who knows how long ago it's me 10 20 30 375 00:19:02,130 --> 00:18:59,020 meters long here it's so big that you 376 00:19:05,070 --> 00:19:02,140 can walk down some steps and go right in 377 00:19:08,850 --> 00:19:05,080 and under the tree itself and I'm 378 00:19:11,810 --> 00:19:08,860 walking along in a natural tunnel up the 379 00:19:17,250 --> 00:19:11,820 middle of a tree which is fallen over I 380 00:19:20,700 --> 00:19:17,260 keep going it's dark it's like a cave 381 00:19:22,230 --> 00:19:20,710 and I'm only gonna walk about 1/3 of the 382 00:19:26,280 --> 00:19:22,240 length of this tree before the steps 383 00:19:30,240 --> 00:19:26,290 come around again here we go our masses 384 00:19:32,430 --> 00:19:30,250 of carvings here over the who knows how 385 00:19:35,370 --> 00:19:32,440 long people carving their initials and 386 00:19:36,900 --> 00:19:35,380 their names into this tree and they pop 387 00:19:41,280 --> 00:19:36,910 out the other side well I've never done 388 00:19:46,860 --> 00:19:41,290 that before the middle of a tree it 389 00:19:50,220 --> 00:19:46,870 wasn't so yeah well we're nearly at the 390 00:19:51,990 --> 00:19:50,230 end of the walk now Jeanne and we can be 391 00:19:54,030 --> 00:19:52,000 up close and personal to this amazing 392 00:19:56,520 --> 00:19:54,040 little group of trees here to sort of 393 00:19:58,650 --> 00:19:56,530 grown together than separated and it 394 00:20:02,880 --> 00:19:58,660 even says in the book we can we can 395 00:20:15,510 --> 00:20:02,890 touch the bark now walk over here this 396 00:20:18,240 --> 00:20:15,520 giant tree touch the box shaggy it's not 397 00:20:20,940 --> 00:20:18,250 bristly here but it's very fibrous you 398 00:20:25,680 --> 00:20:20,950 can really see yeah you can really see 399 00:20:30,930 --> 00:20:25,690 where it's has all these little looks 400 00:20:34,200 --> 00:20:30,940 like asbestos we did actually see some 401 00:20:36,090 --> 00:20:34,210 signage informing us that in the bad old 402 00:20:38,010 --> 00:20:36,100 days they would strip the bark off of 403 00:20:40,680 --> 00:20:38,020 these trees and use it for house 404 00:20:43,860 --> 00:20:40,690 insulation you know and you can start to 405 00:20:46,800 --> 00:20:43,870 see why kind of a bad idea this is a 406 00:20:49,140 --> 00:20:46,810 pretty rare species but there's only 407 00:20:50,970 --> 00:20:49,150 what seventy-five groves in all of 408 00:20:53,160 --> 00:20:50,980 California that have this particular 409 00:20:55,200 --> 00:20:53,170 species of trees and of course a grove 410 00:20:57,480 --> 00:20:55,210 can be very small this is 411 00:20:59,490 --> 00:20:57,490 fairly good-sized growth but you know 412 00:21:01,710 --> 00:20:59,500 like we learned with so many plants and 413 00:21:05,899 --> 00:21:01,720 animals that you need enough territory 414 00:21:09,060 --> 00:21:05,909 to maintain a population of an organism 415 00:21:11,130 --> 00:21:09,070 and you can't just plop down a giant 416 00:21:13,919 --> 00:21:11,140 sequoia anyplace it has certain 417 00:21:15,060 --> 00:21:13,929 environmental requirements certainly not 418 00:21:17,039 --> 00:21:15,070 in Australia hmm 419 00:21:19,230 --> 00:21:17,049 well gee thanks very much what a 420 00:21:21,000 --> 00:21:19,240 wonderful outing this has been to see 421 00:21:22,860 --> 00:21:21,010 these wonderful trees and folks it's 422 00:21:26,070 --> 00:21:22,870 called big trees for a good reason 423 00:21:27,389 --> 00:21:26,080 yes calavaras big trees State Park told 424 00:21:30,050 --> 00:21:27,399 you you should come here someday and 425 00:21:52,029 --> 00:21:30,060 look now we've done it 426 00:21:57,490 --> 00:21:55,580 hi this is Heidi Robertson from the 427 00:22:00,399 --> 00:21:57,500 Northern Rivers vaccination supporters 428 00:22:02,930 --> 00:22:00,409 we are a group of concerned citizens 429 00:22:05,570 --> 00:22:02,940 dedicated to promoting good science and 430 00:22:08,690 --> 00:22:05,580 common sense in our region the far north 431 00:22:10,249 --> 00:22:08,700 coast of New South Wales this area are 432 00:22:13,580 --> 00:22:10,259 famous for its natural beauty and 433 00:22:16,940 --> 00:22:13,590 relaxed lifestyle also has the lowest 434 00:22:19,220 --> 00:22:16,950 rates of vaccination in Australia we are 435 00:22:21,560 --> 00:22:19,230 out to change that by challenging the 436 00:22:23,240 --> 00:22:21,570 myths and misinformation and by 437 00:22:26,570 --> 00:22:23,250 providing good evidence-based 438 00:22:28,399 --> 00:22:26,580 information to the community we'd love 439 00:22:32,029 --> 00:22:28,409 for you no matter where you are in the 440 00:22:39,619 --> 00:22:32,039 world to join our fight please visit our 441 00:22:42,619 --> 00:22:39,629 webpage at WWF in folk we also have a 442 00:22:46,759 --> 00:22:42,629 link there to our Facebook page tweet us 443 00:22:49,549 --> 00:22:46,769 at in our FAQs supporters that's VIX and 444 00:22:52,009 --> 00:22:49,559 check us out on Wikipedia by searching 445 00:22:55,310 --> 00:22:52,019 for Northern Rivers vaccination 446 00:23:01,159 --> 00:22:55,320 supporters thank you 447 00:23:09,499 --> 00:23:06,120 here's Maynard spooky action at a 448 00:23:14,070 --> 00:23:11,970 well it's a bit relaxed here on the 449 00:23:16,499 --> 00:23:14,080 Sunday it was a huge Saturday night a 450 00:23:17,820 --> 00:23:16,509 lot of people going wrong I've had one 451 00:23:19,470 --> 00:23:17,830 glass of one is enough I have to have 452 00:23:20,009 --> 00:23:19,480 more before I can get home but who we 453 00:23:22,710 --> 00:23:20,019 got here 454 00:23:25,649 --> 00:23:22,720 Catherine is and Catherine what have you 455 00:23:27,739 --> 00:23:25,659 made of The Skeptical weekend it's my 456 00:23:30,269 --> 00:23:27,749 first time coming to anything skeptical 457 00:23:32,999 --> 00:23:30,279 into the talk yesterday and the crowd 458 00:23:36,180 --> 00:23:33,009 was amazing and yes such a fantastic 459 00:23:38,720 --> 00:23:36,190 fire P with people who you all think 460 00:23:41,940 --> 00:23:38,730 similarly I hope it how I think so 461 00:23:42,989 --> 00:23:41,950 really really interesting to hear people 462 00:23:45,389 --> 00:23:42,999 we have from all different perspectives 463 00:23:47,850 --> 00:23:45,399 but um everyone seems to have the same 464 00:23:51,029 --> 00:23:47,860 sort of critical thinking and rational 465 00:23:53,940 --> 00:23:51,039 skills well I was invited to speak here 466 00:23:55,529 --> 00:23:53,950 so that was really the main reason for 467 00:23:57,480 --> 00:23:55,539 coming so yeah yesterday I spoke about 468 00:24:00,600 --> 00:23:57,490 like for I Lee and our experience with 469 00:24:02,190 --> 00:24:00,610 the antibiotics movement but you know I 470 00:24:03,989 --> 00:24:02,200 had been aware of the sceptics for a 471 00:24:07,230 --> 00:24:03,999 couple of years pretty much since we we 472 00:24:08,639 --> 00:24:07,240 lost us onto whooping cough and you know 473 00:24:10,649 --> 00:24:08,649 identified pretty quickly that these 474 00:24:13,919 --> 00:24:10,659 people were like-minded and similar to 475 00:24:17,519 --> 00:24:13,929 us and rationality tends to be a little 476 00:24:18,600 --> 00:24:17,529 bit not have a lot of emotion with it so 477 00:24:20,639 --> 00:24:18,610 when you've had like an emotional 478 00:24:27,149 --> 00:24:20,649 experience like you had is react 479 00:24:29,580 --> 00:24:27,159 rationality much comfort to you I think 480 00:24:31,739 --> 00:24:29,590 you know sometimes when you are so 481 00:24:33,779 --> 00:24:31,749 emotional you turn to rationality 482 00:24:35,190 --> 00:24:33,789 because it's the only way that you can 483 00:24:37,440 --> 00:24:35,200 really process how you're feeling and 484 00:24:39,810 --> 00:24:37,450 process what happened in in a traumatic 485 00:24:41,820 --> 00:24:39,820 situation and I think for me you know I 486 00:24:44,820 --> 00:24:41,830 was raised in a family that was rational 487 00:24:46,889 --> 00:24:44,830 my dad's a scientist and you know just 488 00:24:48,180 --> 00:24:46,899 came what I turned to rather than you 489 00:24:49,830 --> 00:24:48,190 know turn to a god or something like 490 00:24:51,629 --> 00:24:49,840 that instead I was like well what are 491 00:24:53,039 --> 00:24:51,639 the facts what happened what can we do 492 00:24:54,720 --> 00:24:53,049 better let's look at the evidence and 493 00:24:56,310 --> 00:24:54,730 yeah sort of really turned to my 494 00:24:57,480 --> 00:24:56,320 rational side you know I'm quite 495 00:24:58,440 --> 00:24:57,490 surprised this is your first time 496 00:24:59,580 --> 00:24:58,450 because I thought with what you've been 497 00:25:00,090 --> 00:24:59,590 doing your my tackle it up and you've 498 00:25:02,789 --> 00:25:00,100 been busy 499 00:25:04,649 --> 00:25:02,799 yes yeah lots of travel going to baby 500 00:25:06,600 --> 00:25:04,659 Expos and all sorts of things so yeah 501 00:25:08,190 --> 00:25:06,610 really happy to come to my first skeptic 502 00:25:09,539 --> 00:25:08,200 let's go to Connor and you look great 503 00:25:11,730 --> 00:25:09,549 last night to you all dressed up for the 504 00:25:12,960 --> 00:25:11,740 dinner it was fantastic thank you hey 505 00:25:14,730 --> 00:25:12,970 mind you you weren't as good to me 506 00:25:16,140 --> 00:25:14,740 because I had the gold Sudan no one can 507 00:25:18,840 --> 00:25:16,150 compare to the God say I'm afraid 508 00:25:19,380 --> 00:25:18,850 I tried on some weird level and who we 509 00:25:23,100 --> 00:25:19,390 got here 510 00:25:26,310 --> 00:25:23,110 Oh Mandy Noble dietitian yes yes a big 511 00:25:28,260 --> 00:25:26,320 controversial dietitian oh I don't see a 512 00:25:31,140 --> 00:25:28,270 sec controversial but I have had a few 513 00:25:33,570 --> 00:25:31,150 comments about people who saw the 514 00:25:35,550 --> 00:25:33,580 episode that was recorded of the sceptic 515 00:25:37,590 --> 00:25:35,560 zone and I'm just gonna get my what I'm 516 00:25:39,690 --> 00:25:37,600 just gonna get my graph of weight loss 517 00:25:42,720 --> 00:25:39,700 to show you because I think you'll find 518 00:25:43,770 --> 00:25:42,730 it's very interesting where are we yes 519 00:25:46,290 --> 00:25:43,780 steak off it 520 00:25:48,000 --> 00:25:46,300 yes um yeah actually what is healthy 521 00:25:49,740 --> 00:25:48,010 weight loss actually if you want trying 522 00:25:52,020 --> 00:25:49,750 to lose weight what is the most you 523 00:25:56,700 --> 00:25:52,030 should lose and I love the term white 524 00:25:58,950 --> 00:25:56,710 knuckle that's great well I don't think 525 00:26:02,520 --> 00:25:58,960 there is really any sort of healthy 526 00:26:05,700 --> 00:26:02,530 weight loss because all weight loss 527 00:26:07,920 --> 00:26:05,710 comes with risks and I think we're not 528 00:26:09,330 --> 00:26:07,930 really thinking too much about the risks 529 00:26:14,040 --> 00:26:09,340 of it all those weight that weight loss 530 00:26:16,680 --> 00:26:14,050 so you know I think we should instead be 531 00:26:19,080 --> 00:26:16,690 focusing I mean for some people you know 532 00:26:21,450 --> 00:26:19,090 and some people will lose weight if they 533 00:26:24,150 --> 00:26:21,460 get a doctor healthier habits and that's 534 00:26:27,660 --> 00:26:24,160 fine and and so I suppose rather than 535 00:26:29,820 --> 00:26:27,670 looking at as an healthy weight rate of 536 00:26:31,110 --> 00:26:29,830 weight loss we should think be focusing 537 00:26:33,320 --> 00:26:31,120 on nutrition which is something 538 00:26:37,140 --> 00:26:33,330 dietitians do really well check that out 539 00:26:38,520 --> 00:26:37,150 look at nutrition and healthy habits and 540 00:26:41,460 --> 00:26:38,530 let their weight settle where it will 541 00:26:43,500 --> 00:26:41,470 naturally when there is adopting the 542 00:26:45,630 --> 00:26:43,510 health behaviors that they can adopt in 543 00:26:49,740 --> 00:26:45,640 their circumstances the whole thing 544 00:26:51,690 --> 00:26:49,750 about being healthy when you're obese 545 00:26:52,980 --> 00:26:51,700 that was very interesting too because I 546 00:26:55,830 --> 00:26:52,990 would have thought people with big 547 00:26:58,620 --> 00:26:55,840 weight it's difficult to be fit but you 548 00:27:01,860 --> 00:26:58,630 you said you schooled me well I think 549 00:27:04,080 --> 00:27:01,870 what we need to understand so healthy is 550 00:27:05,700 --> 00:27:04,090 something that's a bit of a slippery 551 00:27:07,620 --> 00:27:05,710 slope it depends on how you define it so 552 00:27:09,450 --> 00:27:07,630 there's you know physical health and 553 00:27:12,720 --> 00:27:09,460 mental health and social health are all 554 00:27:15,810 --> 00:27:12,730 part of it so rather than looking at as 555 00:27:18,390 --> 00:27:15,820 you know healthy what I'm looking at is 556 00:27:19,800 --> 00:27:18,400 that the pursuit of health I being the 557 00:27:23,070 --> 00:27:19,810 health that you want to gain at every 558 00:27:25,230 --> 00:27:23,080 size so someone might be considered 559 00:27:27,720 --> 00:27:25,240 unhealthy and be a normal weight some 560 00:27:29,210 --> 00:27:27,730 pet one might be quite considered quite 561 00:27:31,250 --> 00:27:29,220 healthy because they're metabolically 562 00:27:33,140 --> 00:27:31,260 healthy at a higher weight but I think 563 00:27:34,909 --> 00:27:33,150 you know whatever body we have that's 564 00:27:37,399 --> 00:27:34,919 the only body we get that's our one 565 00:27:39,110 --> 00:27:37,409 vessel for life so it's not really much 566 00:27:41,360 --> 00:27:39,120 good wishing it was a different body we 567 00:27:43,970 --> 00:27:41,370 got to love the one we've got and do 568 00:27:46,220 --> 00:27:43,980 what we can with it so dietitian heal 569 00:27:47,930 --> 00:27:46,230 thyself once the thing that you get a 570 00:27:49,430 --> 00:27:47,940 bit annoyed with about yourself with the 571 00:27:51,049 --> 00:27:49,440 idea eating habits or the way you look 572 00:27:54,020 --> 00:27:51,059 or that kind of thing do you have 573 00:27:55,909 --> 00:27:54,030 anything I do I I'm one health habit 574 00:28:01,430 --> 00:27:55,919 that I would really love to change my 575 00:28:04,669 --> 00:28:01,440 dad and I said I don't sleep near enough 576 00:28:07,490 --> 00:28:04,679 and yeah I am terrible at getting myself 577 00:28:10,070 --> 00:28:07,500 on to bed and I could answer your brain 578 00:28:12,289 --> 00:28:10,080 doesn't switch off I do have that 579 00:28:13,880 --> 00:28:12,299 sometimes I put my head down and you 580 00:28:15,590 --> 00:28:13,890 think I'm gonna sleep I hang and I'm 581 00:28:18,200 --> 00:28:15,600 thinking about stuff that happened two 582 00:28:20,060 --> 00:28:18,210 or three years ago or 10 years ago and 583 00:28:22,190 --> 00:28:20,070 you're going how do we turn this off 584 00:28:24,320 --> 00:28:22,200 yeah and you have some chem multi you 585 00:28:26,330 --> 00:28:24,330 might have some milk yeah yeah I have 586 00:28:28,970 --> 00:28:26,340 some pretty terrible sleep hygiene which 587 00:28:31,039 --> 00:28:28,980 is what people call it so I do you take 588 00:28:33,260 --> 00:28:31,049 sometimes the electronic devices to bed 589 00:28:35,720 --> 00:28:33,270 and flick through those and all those 590 00:28:37,549 --> 00:28:35,730 nasty so I shouldn't be often got stuff 591 00:28:40,100 --> 00:28:37,559 in my ears often real voice and that 592 00:28:42,230 --> 00:28:40,110 sort of thing and and that that's okay 593 00:28:44,210 --> 00:28:42,240 as long as it stops at a certain time 594 00:28:47,899 --> 00:28:44,220 you put the sleep control on yeah so 595 00:28:50,000 --> 00:28:47,909 actually yeah I've noticed I do have 596 00:28:53,299 --> 00:28:50,010 children oh well you're never gonna 597 00:28:54,590 --> 00:28:53,309 sleep in ten years or so I mean really 598 00:28:56,149 --> 00:28:54,600 you thought you could actually sleep and 599 00:28:58,220 --> 00:28:56,159 have children what's wrong with you yeah 600 00:29:01,310 --> 00:28:58,230 I actually have four children so I'm 601 00:29:03,620 --> 00:29:01,320 pretty busy but um yeah and that's part 602 00:29:06,620 --> 00:29:03,630 of it because you know you I want to 603 00:29:08,450 --> 00:29:06,630 write and to record podcasts and things 604 00:29:10,610 --> 00:29:08,460 like that about what is evidence-based 605 00:29:11,930 --> 00:29:10,620 health and often the only time I get to 606 00:29:13,820 --> 00:29:11,940 do that is once everyone's gone to bed 607 00:29:15,409 --> 00:29:13,830 and I find myself being up an extra few 608 00:29:19,490 --> 00:29:15,419 hours and not getting up can't be too 609 00:29:21,770 --> 00:29:19,500 loud no they're fairly good sleepers but 610 00:29:24,190 --> 00:29:21,780 yeah you've got to be a bit quiet around 611 00:29:27,980 --> 00:29:24,200 the house and stuff like that so yeah 612 00:29:29,659 --> 00:29:27,990 look I don't recommend anyone sort of 613 00:29:31,180 --> 00:29:29,669 deprive themselves of things because 614 00:29:35,690 --> 00:29:31,190 what usually happens is they end up 615 00:29:36,620 --> 00:29:35,700 through restraint then just overloading 616 00:29:38,419 --> 00:29:36,630 on it when they give themselves 617 00:29:40,610 --> 00:29:38,429 permission that means I go nuts at a 618 00:29:42,830 --> 00:29:40,620 party but then when the party's over 619 00:29:46,340 --> 00:29:42,840 that's it yeah if that's kind of it 620 00:29:48,920 --> 00:29:46,350 I think if you're I would be advocate in 621 00:29:51,590 --> 00:29:48,930 intuitive eating which is listening to 622 00:29:54,110 --> 00:29:51,600 hunger and fullness keys and incepting 623 00:29:57,020 --> 00:29:54,120 serve all foods but definitely mindful 624 00:29:59,810 --> 00:29:57,030 eating so if you do all of those things 625 00:30:02,360 --> 00:29:59,820 you find it often a bit that you don't 626 00:30:04,220 --> 00:30:02,370 tend to pick out on those sort of foods 627 00:30:06,020 --> 00:30:04,230 because when we think about overeating 628 00:30:07,640 --> 00:30:06,030 of those foods quite often we're doing 629 00:30:09,380 --> 00:30:07,650 in a bit mindlessly like we're doing up 630 00:30:10,700 --> 00:30:09,390 pretty quickly when I was enjoying it 631 00:30:13,490 --> 00:30:10,710 and so if it's not in the house you 632 00:30:16,760 --> 00:30:13,500 don't go to that yeah yeah yeah yeah if 633 00:30:19,310 --> 00:30:16,770 well if that's kind of a bit of a stain 634 00:30:22,340 --> 00:30:19,320 still what I what I like to do is well 635 00:30:23,990 --> 00:30:22,350 get people to just eat intuitively so 636 00:30:25,490 --> 00:30:24,000 know their hunger and their fullness in 637 00:30:27,590 --> 00:30:25,500 their appetite and be able to have 638 00:30:30,160 --> 00:30:27,600 whatever they like in the house and eat 639 00:30:33,740 --> 00:30:30,170 according to what their body tells them 640 00:30:36,440 --> 00:30:33,750 so when you sort of I work with a you 641 00:30:37,730 --> 00:30:36,450 know permission to eat all foods so 642 00:30:39,920 --> 00:30:37,740 giving yourself permission to eat all 643 00:30:43,850 --> 00:30:39,930 foods and and and those sort of things 644 00:30:48,410 --> 00:30:43,860 so let me see at the moment I am seventy 645 00:30:54,500 --> 00:30:48,420 six kilograms and I'm six foot so I 646 00:30:56,630 --> 00:30:54,510 don't know but but whether whether that 647 00:30:58,310 --> 00:30:56,640 makes you healthy or not it depends 648 00:31:00,230 --> 00:30:58,320 whether you're healthy or not depends on 649 00:31:01,970 --> 00:31:00,240 a whole heap of things so it depends on 650 00:31:04,610 --> 00:31:01,980 those three things your physical health 651 00:31:08,240 --> 00:31:04,620 which your metabolic health so weight 652 00:31:10,010 --> 00:31:08,250 and and height I'm not really good at 653 00:31:11,270 --> 00:31:10,020 indicators of metabolic health so you 654 00:31:13,790 --> 00:31:11,280 know it depends on whether your Bloods 655 00:31:16,370 --> 00:31:13,800 are good and those sort of things and 656 00:31:20,030 --> 00:31:16,380 then it also depends on your social 657 00:31:22,220 --> 00:31:20,040 well-being and your mental health that's 658 00:31:24,200 --> 00:31:22,230 gone to hell on a minute you see me all 659 00:31:26,060 --> 00:31:24,210 weekend I've been running around I am 660 00:31:27,920 --> 00:31:26,070 that I'm you know I've managed to talk 661 00:31:29,810 --> 00:31:27,930 to a few important people once or twice 662 00:31:32,840 --> 00:31:29,820 and that's about it and it is it great 663 00:31:34,970 --> 00:31:32,850 mixing with Kathy she great yeah yeah 664 00:31:36,890 --> 00:31:34,980 there's lots of really great people here 665 00:31:38,450 --> 00:31:36,900 I've been getting to introduce yourself 666 00:31:39,920 --> 00:31:38,460 every time because I'm meeting so many 667 00:31:42,050 --> 00:31:39,930 people you have to like say their name 668 00:31:45,020 --> 00:31:42,060 again all the time and yeah and 669 00:31:47,420 --> 00:31:45,030 surprises of a sceptical thing yes I am 670 00:31:50,060 --> 00:31:47,430 and she's a really great speaker and I 671 00:31:52,250 --> 00:31:50,070 think she's done just amazing work with 672 00:31:54,290 --> 00:31:52,260 it's what she's done I'm not sure what 673 00:31:55,700 --> 00:31:54,300 she's being through I just I 674 00:31:57,530 --> 00:31:55,710 can't imagine that I mean you're a 675 00:32:00,680 --> 00:31:57,540 mother of course so you can have 676 00:32:02,810 --> 00:32:00,690 lingering but as a guy with no kids and 677 00:32:04,130 --> 00:32:02,820 never gonna have them I'm going I it's 678 00:32:05,420 --> 00:32:04,140 almost like I'm embarrassed talking to 679 00:32:07,640 --> 00:32:05,430 it because I can't reference what's 680 00:32:10,970 --> 00:32:07,650 happened to it yeah it is really hard 681 00:32:13,850 --> 00:32:10,980 and she's so beautifully generous with 682 00:32:16,820 --> 00:32:13,860 sharing her story I see lots of people 683 00:32:19,400 --> 00:32:16,830 come for NASA and she has this doesn't 684 00:32:21,290 --> 00:32:19,410 even blink she's she's really generous 685 00:32:23,180 --> 00:32:21,300 with their experience and she's really 686 00:32:25,130 --> 00:32:23,190 passionate about ensuring that other 687 00:32:27,080 --> 00:32:25,140 parents don't have to experience what 688 00:32:30,140 --> 00:32:27,090 she did which is just you know a really 689 00:32:32,660 --> 00:32:30,150 loving thing to do so just amazing good 690 00:32:34,490 --> 00:32:32,670 luck we're getting some sleep um is the 691 00:32:36,380 --> 00:32:34,500 problem with the lack of sleep you don't 692 00:32:39,800 --> 00:32:36,390 like the bags under the eyes or you wake 693 00:32:40,970 --> 00:32:39,810 up going I'm grouchy sleep definitely 694 00:32:43,340 --> 00:32:40,980 affects your health like all other 695 00:32:46,970 --> 00:32:43,350 things so yeah so not getting enough 696 00:32:49,400 --> 00:32:46,980 sleep can definitely affect your your 697 00:32:51,770 --> 00:32:49,410 body can't biochemistry and can affect 698 00:32:54,110 --> 00:32:51,780 your risk of chronic disease and all of 699 00:32:55,850 --> 00:32:54,120 those things so yeah it's it's wanting 700 00:32:57,680 --> 00:32:55,860 for health but also wanting to enjoy 701 00:32:59,720 --> 00:32:57,690 myself a bit better in life I'm bit 702 00:33:01,580 --> 00:32:59,730 tired sometimes well look you've had a 703 00:33:03,190 --> 00:33:01,590 great weekend it's been fantastic what's 704 00:33:08,330 --> 00:33:03,200 been your favorite moment of the weekend 705 00:33:10,640 --> 00:33:08,340 I think you know certainly dr. Cal stalk 706 00:33:12,830 --> 00:33:10,650 was pretty fun and I really enjoyed that 707 00:33:14,300 --> 00:33:12,840 I'm definitely meeting everyone so a lot 708 00:33:15,890 --> 00:33:14,310 of these people have seen online but I 709 00:33:17,330 --> 00:33:15,900 haven't met come back and visitors yeah 710 00:33:31,010 --> 00:33:17,340 absolutely so I'll definitely be back 711 00:33:36,700 --> 00:33:34,629 [Music] 712 00:33:42,860 --> 00:33:36,710 you 713 00:33:44,990 --> 00:33:42,870 just had the most amazing experience 714 00:33:46,400 --> 00:33:45,000 what experience undress under Chevy been 715 00:33:48,560 --> 00:33:46,410 to the pub I told you not to hang out 716 00:33:50,990 --> 00:33:48,570 with mash you know she was blessed by 717 00:33:53,840 --> 00:33:51,000 peter Popoff no Jelena I'm not talking 718 00:33:55,820 --> 00:33:53,850 about psychics it was a really SP 719 00:33:57,350 --> 00:33:55,830 experience now you have been to the pub 720 00:33:58,070 --> 00:33:57,360 either that or you've been smoking 721 00:34:00,560 --> 00:33:58,080 something 722 00:34:02,810 --> 00:34:00,570 no pontus the ESB is the european 723 00:34:04,940 --> 00:34:02,820 sceptics podcast it's the most amazing 724 00:34:06,710 --> 00:34:04,950 thing you get to know so much about 725 00:34:09,680 --> 00:34:06,720 sceptics and their activities across 726 00:34:11,300 --> 00:34:09,690 europe you know events hot topics and 727 00:34:13,970 --> 00:34:11,310 interviews with lots of interesting 728 00:34:14,990 --> 00:34:13,980 people oh wow cool by the way pontus you 729 00:34:17,840 --> 00:34:15,000 just come into the false dichotomy 730 00:34:20,690 --> 00:34:17,850 fallacy I guess that means I'm really 731 00:34:22,700 --> 00:34:20,700 wrong yep and you can even learn about 732 00:34:25,190 --> 00:34:22,710 those fallacies in the show and hear 733 00:34:27,470 --> 00:34:25,200 about people spreading silly ideas you 734 00:34:30,440 --> 00:34:27,480 should really check it out it's the ESP 735 00:34:33,139 --> 00:34:30,450 the European sceptics podcast it's on 736 00:34:35,450 --> 00:34:33,149 never week all right so where can I get 737 00:34:38,149 --> 00:34:35,460 this is the experience it sounds good 738 00:34:41,210 --> 00:34:38,159 you can go online at the ESP do - you 739 00:34:44,240 --> 00:34:41,220 follow it on twitter at es podcast 740 00:34:46,369 --> 00:34:44,250 underscore EU or like the podcast on 741 00:34:49,430 --> 00:34:46,379 Facebook oh and you can also contact the 742 00:34:53,270 --> 00:34:49,440 show by sending them an email to info at 743 00:34:55,310 --> 00:34:53,280 the ESPE you and if you want to 744 00:34:58,040 --> 00:34:55,320 subscribe do a quick search for the 745 00:35:04,340 --> 00:34:58,050 European skeptic podcast on soundcloud 746 00:35:08,790 --> 00:35:04,350 iTunes or stitcher I don't know how you 747 00:35:08,800 --> 00:35:20,560 [Music] 748 00:35:25,910 --> 00:35:23,060 thank you for listening to the skeptics 749 00:35:27,950 --> 00:35:25,920 only abbreviated version for this time 750 00:35:31,280 --> 00:35:27,960 of year I hope you understand with lots 751 00:35:33,530 --> 00:35:31,290 of travel and other things going on but 752 00:35:36,560 --> 00:35:33,540 never fear we have a interesting year of 753 00:35:37,880 --> 00:35:36,570 the sceptic zone 2018 the lying ahead of 754 00:35:39,560 --> 00:35:37,890 us thank you to those people those 755 00:35:42,500 --> 00:35:39,570 lovely people who subscribe to the 756 00:35:44,120 --> 00:35:42,510 skeptic zone by paypal patreon your 757 00:35:46,910 --> 00:35:44,130 contributions really help Thank You 758 00:35:49,609 --> 00:35:46,920 Stuart Stuart Ferguson who recently sent 759 00:35:52,330 --> 00:35:49,619 in a very welcome donation it all helps 760 00:35:55,040 --> 00:35:52,340 and it all keeps the show ticking over 761 00:35:59,870 --> 00:35:55,050 but now it's time for me to run to bed I 762 00:36:00,590 --> 00:35:59,880 think a coffee only works so much with 763 00:36:04,690 --> 00:36:00,600 jet lag 764 00:36:07,580 --> 00:36:04,700 hey if anybody has a cure let me know 765 00:36:09,590 --> 00:36:07,590 until next week this is Richard Saunders 766 00:36:15,770 --> 00:36:09,600 signing off from heatwave Sydney 767 00:36:18,470 --> 00:36:15,780 Australia you've been listening to the 768 00:36:24,050 --> 00:36:18,480 skeptic zone podcast please visit our 769 00:36:26,510 --> 00:36:24,060 website at WWE TV for shownotes contacts 770 00:36:30,560 --> 00:36:26,520 and to access the bat catalog of 771 00:36:32,270 --> 00:36:30,570 episodes going back to 2008 you can 772 00:36:35,330 --> 00:36:32,280 follow the skeptic zone podcast on 773 00:36:37,609 --> 00:36:35,340 twitter at skeptic zone visit our 774 00:36:38,500 --> 00:36:37,619 facebook page or leave a review on 775 00:36:41,180 --> 00:36:38,510 itunes 776 00:36:45,080 --> 00:36:41,190 you can also support the skeptic zone 777 00:36:47,660 --> 00:36:45,090 via patreon or paypal you can be part of 778 00:36:52,070 --> 00:36:47,670 the show by downloading the voice bite 779 00:36:55,430 --> 00:36:52,080 app at Voice bite comm and using the 780 00:36:58,150 --> 00:36:55,440 hashtag skeptic zone the skeptic zone 781 00:37:00,530 --> 00:36:58,160 podcast is an independent production 782 00:37:02,660 --> 00:37:00,540 reviews and opinions expressed on the 783 00:37:05,000 --> 00:37:02,670 skeptic zone and not necessarily those 784 00:37:06,810 --> 00:37:05,010 of Australian skeptics or any other